{"id":10765,"date":"2025-05-23T10:36:30","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T14:36:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/?p=10765"},"modified":"2026-03-31T15:01:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T19:01:23","slug":"william-henry-johnson-evolution-of-an-artist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/2025\/05\/23\/william-henry-johnson-evolution-of-an-artist\/","title":{"rendered":"William Henry Johnson: Evolution of an Artist"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10765\" class=\"elementor elementor-10765\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c846455 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c846455\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-43b13eb\" data-id=\"43b13eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77af524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77af524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">William Henry Johnson: Evolution of an Artist<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-687fcf6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"687fcf6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e748d46\" data-id=\"e748d46\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-166c571 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"166c571\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure id=\"attachment_10770\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10770\" style=\"width: 258px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"wp-image-10770 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/aa_2013-08-4044a_aug19_johnson_img.jpg?resize=258%2C275&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"258\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/aa_2013-08-4044a_aug19_johnson_img.jpg?w=422&amp;ssl=1 422w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/aa_2013-08-4044a_aug19_johnson_img.jpg?resize=258%2C275&amp;ssl=1 258w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 258px) 100vw, 258px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10770\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">William Henry Johnson, 1912, image by Steve Turner<\/figcaption><\/figure><div data-olk-copy-source=\"MessageBody\"><p>William Henry Johnson was a painter associated with the Harlem Renaissance. As a young man, he was trained in the European classical style of painting. While in Europe he moved beyond the classical style as modernism became the trending movement. Upon returning to America, Johnson once again transitioned his painting style \u2014 this time into the folk-art tradition.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>William Henry Johnson was born in Florence, South Carolina in 1901. As part of the Great Migration, he moved to New York City at the age of 17. While working at menial labor jobs, he was able to put himself through art school.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_10774\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10774\" style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"wp-image-10774 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self_portrait_1923-1926_johnson.jpg?resize=220%2C275&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self_portrait_1923-1926_johnson.jpg?w=1121&amp;ssl=1 1121w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self_portrait_1923-1926_johnson.jpg?resize=220%2C275&amp;ssl=1 220w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self_portrait_1923-1926_johnson.jpg?resize=504%2C630&amp;ssl=1 504w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self_portrait_1923-1926_johnson.jpg?resize=768%2C959&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10774\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">William Henry Johnson, Self-Portrait, 1923 \u2013 1926, oil on canvas, Smithsonian Museum of American Art<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Beginning in 1921, Johnson studied at the prestigious National Academy of Design in New York City. He received instruction that emphasized classical painting, portraiture painting, figure drawing and the use of color in painting.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><div data-olk-copy-source=\"MessageBody\"><p>Like many Black artists of the time, he left for Europe (1926) to seek his fortune. There, he was exposed to the modernist movement. Breaking with tradition, he began to experiment with color and form in new ways that surpassed his classical training. Many of his expressionist paintings from this period focused on landscapes.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_10775\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10775\" style=\"width: 219px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"wp-image-10775 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/Self_Portrait_with_Pipe.jpg?resize=219%2C275&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"219\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/Self_Portrait_with_Pipe.jpg?w=724&amp;ssl=1 724w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/Self_Portrait_with_Pipe.jpg?resize=219%2C275&amp;ssl=1 219w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/Self_Portrait_with_Pipe.jpg?resize=501%2C630&amp;ssl=1 501w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 219px) 100vw, 219px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10775\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">William Henry Johnson, Self-Portrait with Pipe, 1937, oil on canvas, Smithsonian Museum of American Art<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>While in Europe, Johnson met Holcha Krake, a Danish artist and weaver. They married in 1930 and spent much of the 1930s living in Scandinavia. While there, Johnson became interested in folk-art, in part, because of his exposure to Krake\u2019s philosophy of folk-art and culture.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>With war looming over the European continent, Johnson moved back to New York City with his wife in 1938. Upon returning to America, his focus became African American culture. He painted Black life scenes from the urban North to the rural South, often alluding to the Great Migration experience. His subjects included working class people as well as noted historical figures.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>At this time, Johnson\u2019s paintings took a dramatic shift toward a folk-art style. He started to utilize simpler contours and flat planes of color. The style was figurative, and Johnson described it as \u201cprimitive.\u201d His style shift perplexed many, since it embodied a simplification of style. His paintings were criticized as being crude, and childlike in style. Johnson expressed a desire to create in a way that felt both natural and spiritual that eventually lead to this artistic transformation.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_10776\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10776\" style=\"width: 329px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" class=\"wp-image-10776 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self.jpg?resize=329%2C275&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"329\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self.jpg?w=583&amp;ssl=1 583w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2025\/05\/self.jpg?resize=329%2C275&amp;ssl=1 329w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10776\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">William Henry Johnson, Triple Self-Portrait, 1944, oil on board, Hampton University Museum<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Johnson learned screen-printing while working for the Harlem Community Art Center. This method lent itself to Johnson\u2019s new style of simplified forms, flat planes and bright colors. He often made prints and paintings of the same subject.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>William Henry Johnson\u2019s artistic evolution was influenced by his formal education, travels, friendships with fellow artists and love for culture (his own as well as others). Johnson transitioned from a classical to a modernist approach as part of the trending movement of the times. His final style shift to a folk-art style was more personal. Johnson\u2019s artist wife was grounded in the folk-art tradition. Upon returning to America after living in Scandinavia for years, Johnson expressed a desire to portray \u201chis people.\u201d Johnson is most remembered for his style of work during this period. Years of creating and exploring came together in the creation of folk-art portraying the Black community in all aspects of life.<\/p><\/div><div><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fe97497 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fe97497\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c81fbd\" data-id=\"5c81fbd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a727d9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a727d9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<b>Sources<\/b>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8bfdaa9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8bfdaa9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff56700\" data-id=\"ff56700\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22bc24b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"22bc24b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>https:\/\/thejohnsoncollection.org\/william-h-johnson\/<\/p><p>https:\/\/www.moma.org\/artists\/22989-william-h-johnson<\/p><p>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_H._Johnson_(artist)<\/p><p>https:\/\/www.artbasel.com\/stories\/william-h-johnson-patricia-phillip-frost-fiu-museum-miami-florida?lang=en<\/p><p>The Studio Museum in Harlem.<em> Harlem Renaissance: Art of Black America<\/em>. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. Publishers, NY, 1987<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94c04e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94c04e9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e8addb7\" data-id=\"e8addb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2825025 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2825025\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 120 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M54,1.6V26h-9V2.5L54,1.6z M69,1.6v23.3L60,26V1.6H69z M24,1.6v23.5l-9-0.6V1.6H24z M30,0l9,0.7v24.5h-9V0z M9,2.5v22H0V3.7L9,2.5z M75,1.6l9,0.9v22h-9V1.6z M99,2.7v21.7h-9V3.8L99,2.7z M114,3.8v20.7l-9-0.5V3.8L114,3.8z&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>William Henry Johnson was a painter associated with the Harlem Renaissance. As a young man, he was trained in the European classical style of painting. While in Europe he moved beyond the classical style as modernism became the trending movement. Upon returning to America, Johnson once again transitioned his painting style \u2014 this time into the folk-art tradition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":10846,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current","category-education"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>William Henry Johnson: Evolution of an Artist - Hampton University Museum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hamptonu.edu\/msm\/2025\/05\/23\/william-henry-johnson-evolution-of-an-artist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"William Henry Johnson: Evolution of an Artist - Hampton University Museum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"William Henry Johnson was a painter associated with the Harlem Renaissance. 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